When Does "Prey" (2022) Take Place?
"Prey" is a horror historical science fiction film written by Patrick Aison with Dan Trachtenberg that released August 5th, 2022. So when is "Prey" set?
It takes place on the fictional Alien vs. Predator timeline in the year:
We know this because, very early in the movie, a time and place setting title card appears that reads, "The Northern Great Plains September 1719".

1719 AD
We know this because, very early in the movie, a time and place setting title card appears that reads, "The Northern Great Plains September 1719".
Furthermore, Naru brings home a short musket engraved with the number “1715” on it. Presumably, this is a manufacturing date. That would confirm it is, at least, currently after 1715 AD.
It is the earliest chronological film in the Alien vs. Predator timeline (the chronological first film to feature a Yautja predator) and can be watched either at its timeline point or entirely separately.